Question

An author from this movement included many lists of synonyms, such as over 250 for genitals, in his massive novel Leg over Leg. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this 19th-century cultural movement in the Arab world. It shares one of its common English names with a European movement whose authors drew on the Arabian Nights in works like Zadig and the Persian Letters.
ANSWER: Nahḍa [or Arab Enlightenment, Awakening, Renaissance or Revival; or an-nahḍa] (The unnamed authors are Voltaire and Montesquieu.)
[10h] The Nahda author al-Shidyaq included stories in this genre narrated by the lisping ibn Hifām in Leg over Leg. Al-Hamadhānī invented this genre of stories about con-men and rogues, which may be the source of the picaresque.
ANSWER: maqāma [or maqāmāt; reject “maqām”]
[10m] Al-Jahiz, who anticipated maqāmāt in his Book of Misers, also invented the Arabic version of this character. Nahda-era print culture spread stories about this donkey-riding Sufi “wise fool” throughout the Muslim world.
ANSWER: Nasreddin Hodja [accept variants of Nasruddin or Nasr al-Din with any vowel sounds or honorifics; or Juḥā, Jiha, Djoha, or Goha; or Mushfiqī; accept Hodja, Hoca, or Khoja; accept Mullah or Molla]
<JB, World Literature>

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